INDEPENDENT SCIENTIFIC STUDIES FROM SCIENTIST AND HEALTH PROFESSINALS

INDEPENDENT SCIENTIFIC STUDIES FROM SCIENTIST AND HEALTH PROFESSINALS

DEVELOPMENT OF TRANSFER FACTOR

Transfer factor-current status and future prospects

Biotherapy 1996;9(1-3):1-5
Lawrence HS, Borkowsky W


Department of Medicine, New York University Medical Center, New York, NY 10016, USA.

We have detected new clues to the composition and function of "Transfer Factor" using the direct Leucocyte Migration Inhibition (LMI) test as an in vitro assay of Dialysates of Leucocyte Extracts (DLE). This approach has revealed two opposing antigen-specific activities to be present in the same > 3500 < 12,000 DA dialysis fraction - one activity is possessed of Inducer/Helper function (Inducer Factor). The opposing activity is possessed of Suppressor function (Suppressor Factor). When non-immune leucocyte populations are cultured with Inducer Factor they acquire the capacity to respond to specific antigen and inhibition of migration occurs. This conversion to reactivity is antigen-specific and dose-dependent. When immune leucocyte populations are cultured with Suppressor Factor their response to specific antigen is blocked and Inhibition of Migration is prevented.





Publication Types:
•Review
•Review, tutorial

PMID: 8993750, UI: 97146894

Transfer factor in the age of molecular biology: a review

Biotherapy 1996;9(1-3):7-11
Dwyer JM


Division of Clinical Immunobiology of the Prince Henry and Prince of Wales Hospitals of the University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia.

Current data suggests that the transferring of immunologically specific information by transfer factor molecules requires interaction with a cell that has been genetically programmed to be antigen reactive but at the time of interaction is unprimed. Contact with transfer factor molecules would allow a naive recipient, on a first encounter with antigen, to make a secondary rather than a primary immunological response. Transfer factor molecules for each and every antigenic determinant are thus necessary. Transfer factors made from animals or humans are capable of transferring antigen specificity across a species barrier. Even primitive species have cells from which one can make transfer factors. The molecules are, therefore, well conserved and it is reasonable to suggest that they are important for normal immunological functioning. Proposed mechanisms of action must explain the fact that transfer factors obtained from the cells of high responder animals are capable of transferring delayed hypersensitivity to low responder animals while the reverse is not true. Transfer factor molecules are likely to interact with the variable regions of the alpha and/or beta chain of T cell receptors to change their avidity and affinity for antigen in a way that otherwise would only occur after an encounter with antigen.


Publication Types:
•Review
•Review, tutorial

PMID: 8993751, UI: 97146895

Activities and characteristics of transfer factors

Biotherapy 1996;9(1-3):13-6
Kirkpatrick CH


Innovative Therapeutics, Inc. Denver, CO, USA.

This report summarizes three components of our transfer factor research program. Several clinical studies have used oral administration of transfer factor containing materials. Sceptics have rejected these findings by assuming that the acidic and enzymatic environment of the gastrointestinal tract would destroy the factors. To further examine this issue, we have conducted dose-response studies of the delayed-type hypersensitivity reaction in mice that were given transfer factor either by gavage or subcutaneously. There were no difference in the responses that were related to the route of administration. We conclude that oral route of administration is efficacious and should be used when possible. We have also studied the effects of transfer factors on immune responses by recipients. The details of this research are presented in the paper by Dr. Alvarez-Thull. Briefly, the study showed that recipients of a specific transfer factor responded to the antigen for which the factor was specific by secreting gamma-IFN, but no other cytokines. The structures of transfer factor molecules are unknown. We have developed a process for isolating transfer factors in pure form and we have obtained preliminary data concerning amino acid sequences. Our goal is to obtain the complete primary structure of several transfer factor molecules.


PMID: 8993752, UI: 97146896

Bovine 'transfer factor': an oligoribonucleopeptide which initiates antigen-specific lymphocytes responsiveness

Thymus 1982;4(6):335-50
Wilson GB, Paddock GV, Fudenberg HH


Bovine transfer factor (TF)--active in initiating specific responsiveness in human thymus-derived (T) lymphocytes to purified protein derivative from Mycobacterium tuberculosis (PPD) in vitro--was partially purified from the dialyzable portion of medium from immune lymph node cells (DLNE). Its physiochemical properties and structure were determined by methods previously employed to characterize human PPD-specific TF isolated from dialyzable leukocyte extracts (DLE). Bovine TF had a molecular weight (MW) of 1100-3000, was destroyed by heating at 56 or 80 degrees C for 30 min, was soluble in water but not in phenol or ether, and could be precipitated with ethanol. Bovine TF activity eluted as a single peak after high-pressure reverse phase liquid chromatography (HPLC); the active moiety contained at least one free co-planar cis-diol group, as shown by boronate affinity chromatography. Additional structural features were deduced by evaluating TF activity after incubation with various endonucleases, exonucleases, and peptidases, a phosphatase, and a protease. The combined results indicate that bovine TF specific for PPD is an oligoribonucleopeptide. A simplest case molecular model was constructed on the basis of the data obtained. A comparative evaluation of the physicochemical properties and structural features of bovine TF and human TF specific for PPD indicated striking similarities and some differences.


PMID: 6191411, UI: 83250103

Profiles of cytokine production in recipients of transfer factors

Biotherapy 1996;9(1-3):55-9
Alvarez-Thull L, Kirkpatrick CH

Innovative Therapeutics, Inc., Denver, CO, USA.

Transfer factors (TF) are proteins that transfer the ability to express cell-mediated immunityfrom immune donors to non-immune recipients. The mechanisms of these effects have not been defined. The experiments described in this report were undertaken to test the hypothesis that a mechanism through which the beneficial effects of TF are expressed in clinical situation is through "education" of the immune system to produce certain cytokines in response to antigenic stimulation. BALB/c mice were sensitized to Herpes simplexvirus (HSV) either by sublethal systemic or cutaneous infections by administration of a HSV-specific TF. One week later their spleen cells were collected and single cell suspensions were stimulated in vitro with irradiated HSV or concanavalin. A Culture supernatants were collected and assayed for content of IL-2, IL-4, IL-10 and IFN-g. Spleen cells from infected mice responded to concanavalin A and to HSV by secreting large amounts of IL-2 and IFN-g, modest amounts of IL-10, and no IL-4. Transfer factor recipients produced similar cytokine profiles in response to concavalin A. These mice, however, responded to HSV by secreting IFN-g, but no IL-2. Thus, TF treatment selectively affects cytokine production in response to antigenic stimulation.


PMID: 8993758, UI: 97146902

Biological response modifiers. Interferons, interleukins and transfer factor

Ann Allergy 1989 Mar;62(3):170-6
Kirkpatrick CH.

Department of Medicine, National Jewish Center for Immunology and Respiratory Medicine, Denver, Colorado.

Natural consequences of knowledge of the mechanisms that regulate immune responses are the attempts to modify the immune system in order to increase resistance to infectious diseases and to enhance activity against tumor cells. This review describes the roles of interferons and interleukins in immune responses and reviews the experience with transfer factor in treatment of certain diseases.

Profiles of cytokine production in recipients of transfer factors

Biotherapy 1996;9(1-3):55-9
Alvarez-Thull L, Kirkpatrick CH

Innovative Therapeutics, Inc., Denver, CO, USA.

Transfer factors (TF) are proteins that transfer the ability to express cell-mediated immunityfrom immune donors to non-immune recipients. The mechanisms of these effects have not been defined. The experiments described in this report were undertaken to test the hypothesis that a mechanism through which the beneficial effects of TF are expressed in clinical situation is through "education" of the immune system to produce certain cytokines in response to antigenic stimulation. BALB/c mice were sensitized to Herpes simplexvirus (HSV) either by sublethal systemic or cutaneous infections by administration of a HSV-specific TF. One week later their spleen cells were collected and single cell suspensions were stimulated in vitro with irradiated HSV or concanavalin. A Culture supernatants were collected and assayed for content of IL-2, IL-4, IL-10 and IFN-g. Spleen cells from infected mice responded to concanavalin A and to HSV by secreting large amounts of IL-2 and IFN-g, modest amounts of IL-10, and no IL-4. Transfer factor recipients produced similar cytokine profiles in response to concavalin A. These mice, however, responded to HSV by secreting IFN-g, but no IL-2. Thus, TF treatment selectively affects cytokine production in response to antigenic stimulation.


PMID: 8993758, UI: 97146902

Biological response modifiers. Interferons, interleukins and transfer factor

Ann Allergy 1989 Mar;62(3):170-6
Kirkpatrick CH.

Department of Medicine, National Jewish Center for Immunology and Respiratory Medicine, Denver, Colorado.

Natural consequences of knowledge of the mechanisms that regulate immune responses are the attempts to modify the immune system in order to increase resistance to infectious diseases and to enhance activity against tumor cells. This review describes the roles of interferons and interleukins in immune responses and reviews the experience with transfer factor in treatment of certain diseases.

Structural nature and functions of transfer factors

Ann N Y Acad Sci 1993 Jun 23;685:362-8
Kirkpatrick CH

Conrad D. Stephenson Laboratory for Research in Immunology, National Jewish Center for Immunology and Respiratory Medicine, Denver, Colorado 80206.

Transfer factors are molecules that "educate" recipients to express cell-mediated immunity. This effect is antigen-specific. The most consistent effects of transfer factors on the immune system are expression of delayed-type hypersensitivity and production of lymphokines such as macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF), which is probably identical to gamma-interferon in response to exposure to antigen. Transfer factors bind to antigens in an immunologically specific manner. This discovery has enabled us to isolate individual transfer factors from mixtures that contain several transfer factors. This reactivity probably explains the specificity of individual transfer factors, and it has provided a method for purification of individual transfer factors to apparent homogeneity. The purified materials are immunologically active and antigenspecific. They have molecular weights of approximately 5,000 Da and appear to be composed entirely of amino acids. Transfer factors appear to offer a novel means of molecular immunotherapy for certain patients with defective cell-mediated immunity.


Publication Types:
•Review
•Review, tutorial

PMID: 8363241, UI: 93370874

4Life Research® laboratory test

Transfer factor is a scientifically recognized delivery system for transferring immune system advantages from one species to another. In the patented process licensed to 4Life, immune factors are generated in cows and then "transferred" as a nutritional supplement to humans. Products manufactured incorporating the process are anticipated by industry experts to be the "next wave" of nutritional supplementation, operating in the newly defined area of "structure/function" claims.

Dr. William Hennen, who is one of the world authorities on transfer factor, says of the science and technology: "Transfer factor is a material that has the ability to modulate the immune system.4Life Transfer Factor® contains both materials that help the immune system respond more effectively and materials to make sure the immune system is not over-responding."

4Life's founder and president, David Lisonbee said, "4Life has an agreement with the patent inventors to market transfer factor. United States Patent No. 4,816,563, issued on March 28, 1989, is licensed to 4Life. This patent describes the proprietary process used by 4Life to create its unique Transfer Factor®.

The only patent 4Life is aware of which identifies transfer factor in colostrum, the process for obtaining transfer factor from colostrum and whey, and the patented method "to further concentrate and/or purify transfer factor" from colostrum, is the one licensed to 4Life. It is United States Patent No. 4,816,563.

Laboratory Testing of 4Life's Transfer Factor®

According to William Hennen, Ph.D., Vice President of Research and Development at 4Life, "Each and every batch of Transfer Factor® is tested by an independent laboratory with established, documented credentials in assessing for transfer factor activity. Very few laboratories have the experience or credentials to assay for TF activity. We go to great lengths to assure the quality of transfer factor in our product. This is the reason our distributors are consistently having such great success with Transfer Factor®. From infants to the elderly, reports keep coming in every day with results that have matched or exceeded our every expectation. Transfer factor has nearly 55 years of research and over 3,500 clinical studies and scientific papers proving its existence and effectiveness. Our licensed patent proved for the first time that transfer factor exists in colostrum and that it can be successfully extracted and assayed."

Independent Laboratories Show Transfer Factor Activity in 4Life's Transfer Factor®

Independent laboratory tests clearly indicate that 4Life's Transfer Factor® shows significant transfer factor activity equal to the effectiveness of the standard vaccine.

The biological and chemical testing laboratory, BioLogics Inc. states the following regarding 4Life's Transfer Factor®:

"BioLogics Inc. has completed testing the preparations of bovine colostrum you sent for evaluation for TF (transfer factor) activity. Each preparation was evaluated for TF activity using a mouse foot-pad assay which measures delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH). The results are shown below. A preparation was considered active if it induced significant DTH (p<0.005 or better) as compared to the response to [an] antigen in control mice which were naive (not treated with TF)."

Preparation testedTransfer Factor PresenceTransfer Factor Active 
Vaccinated Controls
Mice injected with standard antigen vaccine
0.01>P>0.001 YES (P less than 0.01) Very Active
Colostrum Fraction
Normally fractionated colostrum
0.20>P>0.10 NO (P>0.10) Failed
4Life Transfer Factor™
Patented extract of colostrum
0.01>P>0.001 YES (P less than 0.01) Very Active

"Further, it is critical to understand that a proper transfer factor assay includes both a zero-point standard and a high-end standard (to set the span of the scale.) The zero-point standard accounts for the nutritional value of the transfer factor preparation and is represented by the fractionated colostrum listed in the second row above. A vaccinated control is the GOLD STANDARD for establishing the high-end of the immunological scale as represented in the first row.

As was clearly shown, 4Life's Transfer Factor® was not only measurably more potent than the normal colostrum of the second row, it was equal to the vaccine standard in causing a strong immune response," stated Dr. Hennen.

Top Transfer Factor Researcher Tests 4Life's Transfer Factor®

One of the world's leading TF researchers has also tested 4Life's Transfer Factor® using a mouse foot-pad assay. "Three different colostrum extracts were tested, one of which was 4Life's Transfer Factor®. 4Life's Transfer Factor® tested highest in TF activity of any of the samples tested."

Molecular Weight Laboratory Testing of 4Life's Transfer Factor®

An independent laboratory experienced in molecular weight analysis tested samples of 4Life's Transfer Factor® and found it to contain exactly what 4Life claims it contains: Molecules in the molecular weight of 10,000 daltons or less. Bay Bioanalytical Laboratory, Inc. stated in their report:

"[We] have reviewed the analysis of [4Life's] Transfer Factor performed in our laboratory using HPLC and a size exclusion column coupled with a light scattering, refractive index and a UV detector. Based on our analysis we can conclude [that] the analyzed fraction is composed primarily of molecules below 10,000 [daltons] molecular weight." Bay Bioanalytical Laboratory, Inc.

SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH


Successful treatment of severe complicated measles with non-specific transfer factor

In Vivo 1994 Jul-Aug;8(4):555-7
Ferrer-Argote VE, Romero-Cabello R, Hernandez-Mendoza L, Arista-Viveros A, Rojo-Medina J, Balseca-Olivera F, Fierro M, Gonzalez-Constandse R

Department of Hematology, Hospital General de Mexico, DF, Mexico.

Severe complicated measles has a high mortality rate and no specific treatment. Ten patients with complicated measles - 9 infants with respiratory failure and a 15 year old boy with encephalitis - received immunotherapy with Non-specific Transfer Factor (NTF). The patients had variable degrees of undernourishment and were severely ill when immunotherapy was started. 8/9 cases with respiratory failure were cured. One died of bronchoaspiration while recovering from the measles. The case with encephalitis showed no neurological sequelae two weeks after receiving the last dose of NTF. Treatment of complicated measles with NTF in these patients seemed very effective and deserves further trial.

PMID: 7893983, UI: 95201208


The effect of non-specifically acting transfer factor component on cellular immunity in juvenile rheumatoid arthritis

Scand J Rheumatol 1976;5(3):151-7
Grohn P, Anttila R, Krohn K

A chromatographically purified component of human dialysable transfer factor with a nonspecific stimulatory effect on the expression of immune response was used in a therapeutic trial in 8 cases of juvenile rheumatoid arthritis. Enhancement of the delayed type of immune response, measured by skin testing, was seen in all cases, but in vitro reactions to test antigens were unaltered. Clinical improvement was seen in all patients with acute history and in 2 of the 5 chronic cases, but it is not certain whether this was caused by the improved immune reactivity,or whether this reflected the known variable natural history of the disease.


PMID: 981991, UI: 77038262

Treatment of childhood combined Epstein-Barr virus/cytomegalovirus infection with oral bovine transfer factor

Lancet 1981 Jul 18;2(8238):122-4
Jones JF, Minnich LL, Jeter WS, Pritchett RF, Fulginiti VA, Wedgwood RJ

An illness lasting for two years, with recurrent fever, rash, abdominal pain, and arthralgia, developed in a four year old boy. He was found to have a combined Epstein-Barr virus and cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection. His symptoms, CMV in his urine, and an absent in vitro lymphocyte response to CMV antigen persisted for two years. After treatment with orally administered bovine transfer factor clinical symptoms and viruria disappeared and specific immunity to CMV developed. Evaluation of this treatment in chronic virus infections is warranted.

PMID: 6113484, UI: 81219911

Transfer factor: Potential for therapy of malignant diseases

Arch Otolaryngol 1975 Nov;101(11):664-6
Transfer factor: Potential for therapy of malignant diseases
Neidhart JA, LoBuglio AF

Transfer factor (TF) is a low molecular weight nonantigenic extract of leukocytes that is capable of transferring cell-mediated immunity from an immune individual to a nonimmune individual. Reports of efficacy of transfer factor in immunodeficiency states and chronic infectious diseases, as well as its lack of toxicity, have spurred clinical trials of TF therapy in human malignant diseases. Variables such as donor and patient selection, dose of TF, and use of concurrent therapy have not been explored. Preliminary reports suggest that TF may find a role as adjuvant therapy in human malignant neoplasms.

PMID: 1200907, UI: 76087317



Arch Geschwulstforsch 1981;51(4):284-93
The present status of immunodiagnosis and immunotherapy of cancer
Pasternak G.

A number of immunodiagnostic procedures in cancer is clinically important in the sense that the tests may confirm the results of other cancer diagnostic investigations. However, each one of the tests has its own area of application. Immunodiagnostic tests are used for the detection of relapse or metastases as well as for the histological verification of the tumor. A mass screening for tumors in the population and most probably the early tumor diagnosis by immunological means is impossible due to biological variables among the tumor bearers and to technical difficulties. Immunotherapy of tumors is still at an experimental stage. Although immunization is possible to animal tumors convincing data on similar effects in the human tumor system do not exist as yet. This conclusion is based on immunization experiments with adjuvants as well as with tumor preparations, transfer factor, thymosin, or immune RNA. The fact that tumor cytotoxic and tumor cytostatic immunological mechanisms do occur even in the human tumor system is a stimulus for future approaches.



Ann Thorac Surg 1984 Aug;38(2):140-5 (ISSN: 0003-4975)
Transfer factor in the treatment of carcinoma of the lung
Kirsh MM; Orringer MB; McAuliffe S; Schork MA; Katz B; Silva J

From 1976 to 1982, 63 patients with carcinoma of the lung underwent curative pulmonary resection, mediastinal lymph node dissection, and postoperative mediastinal irradiation when indicated. After operation, the patients were randomized by cell type and stage of disease into two groups. Beginning 1 month postoperatively, Group 1 patients (N = 28) received 1 ml of transfer factor that had been extracted from the blood of normal individuals. Subsequent doses were administered at 3-month intervals. Group 2 patients (N = 35) served as controls. There were no significant differences between the two groups with respect to age, sex, extent of resection, histological cell type, or stage of disease. Twenty of the 28 treated patients were alive and free from disease from 7 to 77 months after treatment, whereas 17 of the 35 control patients were free from disease. The 1-year survival for Group 1 was 84% and for Group 2, 81%. The 2-year survival was 78% for Group 1 and 46% for Group 2 (p = 0.045). The survival rates by stage of disease were as follows: Stage I, 15 out of 17 or 88% in Group 1 and 15 out of 23 or 65% in Group 2 (p = 0.097); Stages II and III, 5 out of 11 or 45% in Group 1 and 3 out of 12 or 25% in Group 2 (p = 0.304). The results of the study suggest that the administration of transfer factor to patients who have undergone pulmonary resection for carcinoma of the lung can have a significant impact on the prolongation of life.



Jpn J Surg 1984 Nov;14(6):452-8
Randomized controlled trial of transfer factor immunochemotherapy as an adjunct to surgical treatment for primary adenocarcinoma of the lung
Fujisawa T, Yamaguchi Y, Kimura H, Arita M, Shiba M, Baba M.

A total of 102 patients were studied in a randomized controlled trail to evaluate the clinical effect of transfer factor (TF) for primary resected adenocarcinoma of the lung. The TF and Control groups consisted of 50 and 52 randomly chosen patients, respectively. However, 6 and 5 patients were excluded from both groups for various reasons, therefore the total of cases eligible for evaluation were 44 and 47 in the TF and Control groups, respectively. The clinical features of both groups were similar. The survival of the TF group was significantly better than that of Controls in Stage I cases (p less than 0.05), however, there was no significant difference in patients in Stages II, III and IV. Significant differences were found between the TF and Control groups in curative resection cases (p less than 0.05), however, no significant difference was seen in either the relatively curative resection or noncurative resection groups. TF seems to inhibit postoperative recurrence and appears to be an effective postoperative adjuvant immunotherapeutic for primary resected adenocarcinoma of the lung, especially at the relatively early stages.



Cancer 1996 Nov 1;78(9):1892-8
Postoperative immunostimulation after complete resection improves survival of patients with stage I non-small cell lung carcinoma
FujisawaT,YamaguchiY.Department of Surgery, Chiba University School of Medicine, Japan. 

BACKGROUND: approximately 40% of primary lung carcinoma patients who die within 1 month after a complete resection have residual tumor in regional or distant organs, emphasizing the importance of postoperative adjuvant therapy. In this study, the effectiveness of transfer factor (TF) and nocardia rubra-cell wall skeleton (N-CWS) as adjuvant therapy for patients with primary, completely resected non-small cell carcinoma of the lung was evaluated in a randomized controlled trial METHODS: A total of 82 patients with Stage I disease who had a complete resection were allocated randomly into 2 groups: TF + N-CWS (n = 41) or control (surgery only) (n = 41). RESULTS: The distributions of age, sex, histology, differentiation, T classification, tumor size, visceral pleural invasion, and the site of origin, were similar in the two groups. The 5- and 10-year disease specific survival rates in the TF + N-CWS group were 85% and 85%, respectively, and those in the control group were 72% and 64%, respectively. There was a statistically significant difference between the two groups (P = 0.041). When the survival was analyzed according to clinical characteristics, significant differences were observed in patients with no visceral pleural invasion or with T1 disease. The frequency of distant metastasis was significantly less in the TF + N-CWS group than in the control group. CONCLUSIONS: These results indicate that TF + N-CWS is beneficial as adjuvant therapy after surgical treatment of Stage I non-small cell carcinoma of the lung.



Biotherapy 1996;9(1-3):117-21
Transfer factor as an adjuvant to non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) therapy
Pilotti V, Mastrorilli M, Pizza G, De Vinci C, Busutti L, Palareti A, Gozzetti G, Cavallari A.

Istituto di Clinica Chirurgica II, S. Orsola-Malpighi, Bologna, Italy.

The rationale for using transfer factor (TF) in lung cancer patients is that the possibility of improving their cell-mediated immunity to tumour associated antigens (TAA) may improve their survival. From Jan 1984 to Jan 1995, 99 non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) resected patients were monthly treated with TF, extracted from the lymphocytes of blood bank donors. In the same period, 257 NSCLC resected patients were considered as non-treated controls. The survival rates of the TF treated group appear significantly improved both for patients in stages 3a and 3b, and patients with histological subtype "large cell carcinoma" (P < 0.02). Survival of TF treated patients is also significantly higher (P < 0.02) for patients with lymph node involvement (N2 disease). The results of this study suggest that the administration of TF to NSCLC resected patients may improve survival.





Ann Thorac Surg 1992 Mar;53(3):391-6
Adjuvant treatment using transfer factor for bronchogenic carcinoma: long-term follow-up
Whyte RI, Schork MA, Sloan H, Orringer MB, Kirsh MM.

Section of Thoracic Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor.

Transfer factor, a dialyzable lymphocyte extract that may act as an immune stimulator by transferring antigen-specific immunity between genetically dissimilar individuals, was administered in a prospective, randomized study to patients with non-small cell bronchogenic carcinoma. Between 1976 and 1982, 63 patients who underwent pulmonary resection, mediastinal lymph node dissection, and, when indicated by the presence of mediastinal lymph node involvement, mediastinal irradiation were randomized into two groups. Group 1 (n = 28) received 1 mL of pooled transfer factor at 3-month intervals after operation; group 2 (n = 35 ) served as controls and received saline solution. There were no statistically significant differences between the two groups with respect to age, sex, tumor histology, stage of disease, or extent of resection. One patient was lost to follow-up at 96 months; follow-up was complete in all others through July 1990. In patients receiving transfer factor, the 2-, 5-, and 10-year survival rates were 82%, 64%, and 43% respectively, whereas in controls they were 63%, 43%, and 23%. Survival in patients receiving transfer factor was consistently better than in those receiving placebo. Furthermore, survival in patients receiving transfer factor was greater at all stages of disease for both adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma. Although these long-term results were not statistically significant using survival analysis with covariates (p = 0.08), they confirm our previously reported short-term findings suggesting that administration of transfer factor, either through nonspecific immune stimulation, enhancement of cell-mediated immunity, or an as yet undefined mechanism, can improve survival in patients with bronchogenic carcinoma.



J Biol Response Mod 1987 Feb;6(1):1-19 (ISSN: 0732-6580)
Observations on the combined systemic administration of mixed bacterial vaccine, bacillus Calmette-Guerin, transfer factor and lymphoblastoid lymphocytes to patients with cancer, 1974-1985
Waisbren BA

Herein are reported the results of treating 139 cancer patients with combined immunomodulation that consisted of bacillus Calmette-Guerin, transfer factor, and mixed bacterial vaccine. In addition 28 patients were given infusions of lymphoblastoid lymphocytes. Patients were admitted to this treatment program who either had failed to respond to other modalities, had elected to add immunomodulation to usual therapy, or had refused chemotherapy and/or radiation therapy. The results suggested that combined immunomodulation therapy is well tolerated and safe and that this approach on a prima facie basis had a salutary effect on the courses of a number of the patients treated. The results also illustrate alternative pathways that can be taken by patients and physicians who are not comfortable with protocolized double-blind methods of approaching patients with poor prognosis cancer.



Br J Haematol 1993 Jul;84(3):423-7
Effect of transfer factor on myelosuppression and related morbidity induced by chemotherapy in acute leukaemias
Fernandez O, Diaz N, Morales E, Toledo J, Hernandez E, Rojas S, Madriz X, Lopez Saura P.

Hospital Universitario Dr. Carlos J. Finlay, Marianao, Cuba.

The aim of this study is to determine the safety and efficacy of Transfer Factor (TF) in accelerating the haematopoietic recovery in patients with acute leukaemias (AL), following intensive therapy to induce remission of the disease. Twenty-two patients with different types of AL (16 AML, three BC-CML and three ALL) were studied. The patients were divided in two groups. Group 1 (eight AML, two BC-CML and one ALL) received, after myelosuppression induced by chemotherapy, TF (1 unit daily, subcutaneous) until leucocyte count was > 2.5 x 10(9)/l and platelet count > 80 x 10(9)/l. Group 2 was considered the control group and did not receive TF. Treatment with TF accelerated the recovery of neutrophils, leucocytes, platelets (P < 0.001) and haemoglobin (P < 0.01). As a logical consequence, incidence and severity of infection and haemorrhage were lesser in the TF group than in the control group. There was no evidence that TF accelerated the re-growth of leukaemic cells. It seems that TF is safe in AL, accelerating haematopoietic recovery. However, it should be used with caution until results of additional trials become available.





Microbiol Immunol 1978;22(11):701-10
In vitro assay for responsiveness of lymphocytes to transfer factor by a new leukocyte migration inhibitory test
Miyagawa Y, Kawasaki A, Komiyama A, Akabane T.

Transfer factor (TF) causes nonimmune lymphocytes to produce leukocyte migration inhibitory factor (LMIF) in the presence of purified protein derivative (PPD). The activity of TF was measured by leukocyte migration inhibitory test (LMIT). The LMIT was a modification of the conventional agarose droplet method. To express the activity of LMIF quantitatively and simply, LMIF titer was introduced. The LMIF titer was obtained from the combination of two factors, LMIF dilution and cell migration diameter, and therefore this made the LMIT much more sensitive as compared to the conventional LMIT. The responsiveness of lymphocytes from acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and from cell-mediated immunodeficiency in children to TF was assayed by LMIT. In ALL, the lymphocyte responsiveness was poor in relapse but improved with remission. The responsiveness was remarkably well in 3 patients with cell-mediated immunodeficiency. This method appears useful for the in vitro evaluation of responsiveness of lymphocytes to TF.



Med Pediatr Oncol 1979;6(4):295-301
A study of transfer factor for opportunistic infections in cancer patients
Ketchel SJ, Rodriguez V, Stone A, Gutterman JU.

Although supportive care during therapy of patients with malignancies has improved, infection remains the major cause of death in these patients. The problem of "opportunistic" infections is becoming more apparent as better antibiotics are found. The control of these infections depends in part on mechanisms of cell-mediated immunity. It has been demonstrated that delayed-type hypersensitivity can be transferred from one person to another. Therefore, we used transfer factor in the treatment of 15 patients, most with leukemia, who had fungal, viral, or mycobacterial infections that were not responding to conventional therapy. Seven of ten evaluable patients had therapeutic control of their infections while receiving transfer factor. Transfer factor appears to have contributed to these clinical improvements and is a modality of treatment that deserves further investigation.



Scand J Infect Dis 1978;10(1):21-7
Effect of transfer factor and zoster immunoglobulin in patients with varicella-zoster infection and malignancy
Winsnes R, Froland SS, Degre MI.

Immunotherapy was given to 13 patients suffering from lymphoproliferative diseases complicated by varicella-zoster (VZ) infection. Five patients received transfer factor (TF) only, 6 received TF and zoster immunoglobulin (ZIG), and 2 received ZIG only. ZIG did not seem to alter the course of the infection. Cessation of vesicle formation and initiation of crust formation took place within 1 day after the first injection of TF in 5 patients with a localized zoster. In 4 patients suffering from an early dissemination of VZ infection, cessation of vesicle formation took place within 1 day (1 patient), 2 days (1 patient), 3 days (1 patient) or 4 days (1 patient) after the first injection of TF. An increase in serum interferon was observed in 4 of 9 patients who received TF, while no increase in serum interferon was observed in the control groups. Administration of a high-titer ZIG preparation did not seem to depress the humoral antibody response when combined with TF therapy. Therapy with TF in combination with ZIG seemed to have a beneficial effect in patients with malignancy when administered early in the acute VZ infection.



Ann Allergy 1982 Dec;49(6):326-9
Transfer factor
Massicot JG, Goldstein RA.

A workshop on transfer factor, sponsored by the Immunology, Allergic and Immunologic Diseases Program of the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, was held in Bethesda, Maryland, on February 25, 1981. The purpose of the meeting was two-fold: (1) to review the state of the art of transfer factor and (2) to suggest future directions for research in this area, specifically in regard to the prophylactic use of transfer factor for varicella-zoster in leukemic children.



Summer;3(4):463-9
Transfer factor in prevention of Burkitt's lymphoma relapses
J Exp Pathol 1987 Nkrumah FK, Pizza G, Neequaye J, Viza D, De Vinci C, Levine PH.

Burkitt Tumour Project, Univ. of Ghana Medical Sch. Accra.

Twenty-two African children with endemic Burkitt's lymphoma entered a study to evaluate the possible efficacy of a transfer factor (TF) with specific activity against Eptein-Barr virus in preventing disease relapses. Five of eleven patients have so far relapsed in the non TF-treated group as against two of eleven in the TF-treated group. The patterns of relapse and observable increased disease free remission duration in the TF-treated group strongly suggest a beneficial effect particularly in the prevention of late relapses. A larger series of patients treated with this specific TF are needed to confirm these observations in endemic Burkitt's lymphoma.



Wien Klin Wochenschr 1983 Oct 28;95(20):738-42 [Article in German]
Transfer factor as adjuvant immunotherapy in invasive cervix cancer. Report of a double-blind study
Wagner G, Gitsch E, Havelec L, Knapp W, Rainer H, Selander S.

From 1977 to 1982 a prospective randomized double-blind study comparing transfer-factor (TF) versus placebo was conducted in invasive cervical cancer patients after radical surgery and irradiation. The husbands of the cancer patients were selected as leukocyte donors for TF preparations. 60 patients entered the study; 28 patients received placebo and 32 patients received TF. The comparability of both collectives was excellent concerning age and tumor stage. One patient treated with TF died intercurrently. The rate of recurrence of cancer was 5 in the 31 TF-treated patients and 11 in the 28 patients receiving placebo, which was significantly different (p less than 0,05). This difference was even greater when only patients treated for at least 3 months were compared (3 recurrences in the TF-group and 11 recurrences in the placebo-group). Further aspects of this clear clinical results are discussed.



Biotherapy 1996;9(1-3):123-32
A preliminary report on the use of transfer factor for treating stage D3 hormone-unresponsive metastatic prostate cancer
Pizza G, De Vinci C, Cuzzocrea D, Menniti D, Aiello E, Maver P, Corrado G, Romagnoli P, Dragoni E, LoConte G, Riolo U, Palareti A, Zucchelli P, Fornarola V, Viza D.

Immunodiagnosis and Immunotherapy Unit, S. Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, Bologna, Italy.

As conventional treatments are unsuccessful, the survival rate of stage D3 prostate cancer patients is poor. Reports have suggested the existence of humoral and cell-mediated immunity (CMI) against prostate cancer tumour-associated antigens (TAA). These observations prompted us to treat stage D3 prostate cancer patients with an in vitro produced transfer factor (TF) able to transfer, in vitro and in vivo, CMI against bladder and prostate TAA. Fifty patients entered this study and received one intramuscular injection of 2-5 units of specific TF monthly. Follow-up, ranging from 1 to 9 years, showed that complete remission was achieved in 2 patients, partial remission in 6, and no progression of metastatic disease in 14. The median survival was 126 weeks, higher than the survival rates reported in the literature for patients of the same stage.



Biotherapy 1996;9(1-3):109-15
Transfer factor with anti-EBV activity as an adjuvant therapy for nasopharyngeal carcinoma: a pilot study
Prasad U, bin Jalaludin MA, Rajadurai P, Pizza G, De Vinci C, Viza D, Levine PH.

University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.

Overall survival of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) at UICC stage IV still remains unsatisfactory even with combination chemotherapy (CT) and radio-therapy (RT). In view of the association of reactivation of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) with the development and recurrence of NPC, immunotherapy in the form of transfer factor (TF) with specific activity against EBV (TF-B1) was suggested as an adjuvant to a combination of CT and RT in order to improve survival. In the present study, 6 UICC stage IV patients received TF-B1 and another 6 patients matched for disease stage were given TF prepared from peripheral blood leucocytes (TF-PBL). Results were compared with another 18 patients matched by age, sex, and stage of disease who received standard therapy without TF during the same period (C group). After a median follow up of 47.5 months, the survival for the TF-B1 group was found to be significantly better (P = < 0.05) than the PBL and C group. While the 8 patients with distant metastasis (DM), not treated with TF-B1 (6 in the control and 2 in the PBL group), died due to progressive disease (average survival being 14.3 months), both patients with DM in the TF-B1 group had complete remission: one died of tuberculosis after surviving for 3.5 years and another is still alive, disease free, after 4.2 years. Although the series involved a small number of cases, the apparent effect of adjuvant immunotherapy in the form of TF with anti-EBV activity is of considerable interest.





Panminerva Med 1995 Dec;37(4):186-9
Serial in vitro transfer of hypersensitivity to cancer antigens by sensitised lymphocytes
Fazio M, Carnevale-Schianca F, Sabidussi A.

Chair of Medical Oncology, University of Turin, Italy.

An account is given of the experimental serial in vitro transfer of antigen-specific delayed hypersensitivity to peripheral leukocytes, using antigen-specific Transfer factor solely as the initial source. Transfer was assessed with the leukocyte migration, lymphocyte locomotion and leukocyte adherence inhibition tests. The positive test results observed in all the experiments suggest that Transfer factor does not act as such, but triggers a reaction that expands the effect of hypersensitivity.

Dialyzable leukocyte extract (transfer factor) in the treatment of superinfected fistulating tuberculosis of the bone

Cell Immunol 1984 Mar;84(1):200-5 (ISSN: 0008-8749)
Zielinski CC; Savoini E; Ciotti M; Orani R; Konigswieser H; Eibl MM

The effect of the addition of dialyzable leukocyte extract (DLE)(transfer factor) to tuberculostatic drugs in the treatment of superinfected fistulating tuberculosis of bones and joints was evaluated in a controlled study. Eleven patients whose disease had persisted for a mean of 20 +/- 4.8 years and had proved to be resistant to antibiotics and tuberculostatic drugs were treated with an additional combined tuberculostatic drug regimen consisting of isoniazide, ethambutol, and rifampin for a control period of 2 years; after this therapy had failed as judged by the persistence of the superinfected fistulae and of the symptoms, DLE was added to the regimen. The result of this therapeutic approach was evaluated after another 2 years. Through this therapy, a closure of the fistulae was achieved in 9 out of the 11 patients (P less than 0.001) with a concomitant decrease of symptoms. DLE may prove beneficial in the treatment of patients with superinfected fistulating tuberculous osteomyelitis.

Effects of Dialyzable Transfer Factor in Patients with Breast Cancer (immunology/delayed hypersensitivity)

Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. USA
Vol. 71, No. 6, pp. 2319-2323, June 1974

H. F. OETTGEN*, L. J. OLD*, J. H. FARROW*, F. T. VALENTINEt, H. S. LAWRENCEt, AND L.THOMAS*
*Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, N.Y. 10021; and t New York University Medical Center,550 First Avenue, New York, N.Y. 10016

Contributed by Lewis Thomas, March 18, 1974

ABSTRACT Five patients with advanced breast cancer were treated with pooled dialyzable transfer factor from healthy adult donors. The period of treatment ranged from 21 to 310 days, the total dose from 20 to 257 ml. Transfer factor did not elicit inflammatory or hypersensitivity reactions or detectable formation of antibody to itself, nor any hematological or biochemical abnormalities or other side effects. Three patients became responsive (by skin test) to tuberculin and/or streptococcal antigens. Marked partial regression of the breast cancer, lasting 6 months, was observed in one patient.

One of the immunological methods that have been considered in the context of cancer therapy is the transfer of immunity with lymphocytes or lymphocyte extracts from deliberately immunized donors or from donors suspected of being resistant to the type of cancer in question. There are reports that laboratory animals with established tumor grafts can be successfully treated by transferring large numbers of lymphocytes from tumor-immunized syngeneic, allogeneic, or xenogeneic donors (1, 2). Human cancer patients have been treated with blood leukocytes from other cancer patients who had been inoculated with the recipients' tumor tissue (3). This was rarely effective. Because of possible risks associated with inoculating cancer cells into patients, and because of severe reactions produced by large numbers of foreign lymphocytes, we have used a procedure that does not involve deliberate immunization, and that does not provoke untoward reactions.

Our approach was prompted by (a) Thomas' suggestion of the evolutionary significance of cellular immunity as a defense against neoplasia (4), a homoiostatic function that Burnet termed immunologic surveillance (5); and (b) by increasing evidence that established dialyzable transfer factor (TFd) as a potent immunologic agent that reconstitutes cellular immunity in patients with a variety of congenital (6, 7) and acquired (8-11) cellular immunodeficiency syndromes and with cancer (12). TFd has also proved effective in restoring cellular immunity in patients with mucocutaneous candidiasis (7, 13-15) and disseminated coccidiomycosis (16), and this has had a beneficial effect on the outcome of these infections.

We report here attempts at immunologic reconstitution of five patients with advanced breast cancer. We used pooled TFd collected and prepared from blood leukocytes of normal women over 40 years of age. The basic assumption was that healthy women in this age group have eliminated incipient breast cancers by immunologic mechanisms and thus have become sensitized to shared antigens of breast cancer cells.We found that TFd could be given safely in large doses over long periods, that delayed hypersensitivity was augmented in cancer patients who received TFd, and that one patient's tumor regressed temporarily. Portions of this work have been presented before (17).

Abbreviations: TFd, dialyzable transfer factor; PPD, purified protein derivative of tuberculin; SK, streptokinase; SD, streptodornase.

METHODS
Blood was collected from healthy women, age 40-65 years,who had no history of cancer or hepatitis. Blood (375 ml) was drawn into an Ion Exchange Pack (JB-2, Fenwal Laboratories, Morton Grove, Ill.), 130 ml of 6% Dextran in saline (Grade H, Pharmachem Corp., Bethlehem, Pa.) was added, and the erythrocytes were allowed to settle for 1 hr at 37°. The supernatant plasma and leukocytes were then removed with a plasma extractor into a transfer pack (TA-2, Fenwal Laboratories) and centrifuged in the pack at 2400 rpm (1200 X g) in a refrigerated centrifuge (International PR2). All but 30-50 ml of the supernatant were removed, and the leukocytes mixed with the remaining plasma were then transferred into sterile centrifuge tubes in 8-ml aliquots and centrifuged at 1800 rpm (650 X g) for 30 min. The supernatant was removed, and a few drops of saline were added to the packed leukocytes, which were then transferred into glass vials and stored at -70°. The yield from one blood donation was 0.5-5.0 ml of packed leukocytes, including no more than 1.0 ml of saline.

For the preparation of TFd, 5-ml aliquots (approximately 4 X 109 leukocytes) of the leukocyte preparations were thawed at room temperature and transferred into 50-ml centrifuge tubes. The vials were rinsed with 4 ml of sterile water for parenteral injection (Abbott Laboratories, North Chicago, Ill., no. 4156) and the rinse was added to the transferred material to give a total volume of 9 ml. This was mixed with 2 mg of deoxyribonuclease (2 X recrystallized, Worthington Biochemical Co., Freehold, N. J.) in 1 ml of water (see above) and with 2 drops of a 50% magnesium sulfate solution. The mixture was frozen (dry ice in alcohol) and thawed (waterbath 370) 10 times and then dialyzed (dialysis tubing no. 8, Union Carbide Corp., Food Products Div., Chicago, Ill.) against 1000 ml of water (see above) at 40 for 16 hr. Great care was taken to prevent contamination of the outside of the dialysis tubing with the leukocyte preparation. The dialysate was lyophilized and the residue was dissolved in 5 ml of water (see above). Since TFd has not yet been characterized chemically, the preparations were assayed for total solids, ash, biuret-positive material, and nitrogen, and subjected to

Transfer Factor / Dialysable Lymphocyte Extract (DLyE) Study with Autistic Children

40 children
ages: 6-15

Dr. Fudenberg did a pilot study in 1996 describing the results of administering dialysable lymphocyte extract (DLyE) in infantile onset autism.

He took forty autistic children from 6 to 15 years old.

Twenty two of these children were diagnosed with "classical infantile autism". He found they had Myelin Basic Protein Antibodies (MBPA). The other eighteen did not meet all the criteria.

These children were treated for three and a half years, receiving Transfer Factor three days every six weeks.

After the treatment twenty-one out of twenty two had improved.

Ten of them "became normal, in that they no longer exhibited autistic symptoms and were mainstreamed into their schools and clinical characteristics were fully normalized."

Of the eighteen that were not formally diagnosed with "classical infantile autism" four responded to treatment.

It is also interesting that after the treatments were stopped five of the classical autistics regressed and three of the pseudo-autistic group but they did not regress below their original baseline levels.


References

* Fudenberg, H. Dialysable lymphocyte extract (DLyE) in infantile onset autism: a pilot study. Biotherapy 19:144, 1996

* Fudenberg, H. and Wilson G. Dialyzable transfer factor: clinical uses and studies on purification of the activity. In Clinical Immunochemistry. The American Association of Clinical Chemistry Press, Washington, DC pgs 228-250, 1978

* Masi M et al. Transfer factor in chronic mucocutaneous cabdidiasis Biotherapy 9:97-103, 1996

* Kirkpatrick C. Activities and characteristcs of transfer factor. Biotherapy 9:13-16, 1996

In vivo study of transfer factor plus and fibromyalgia

Purpose of Study:
To determine the effectiveness of natural products in increasing the function of Natural Killer (NK) cell activity in chronic illnesses. In this study persons suffering from Fibromyalgia were chosen to take part in an in vivo study.

Background:
It is felt that chronic illnesses represent immune system failures in most instances, particularly in the Fibromyalgia Syndrome. There have been many published reports of low Natural Killer cell activity or function in persons with Fibromyalgia.

Natural Killer Cells:
Natural Killer cells are the first line of defense in our innate immune systems. Natural Killer cells are lethal lymphocytes containing granules filled with potent chemicals. They do not need to recognize a particular antigen but rather attack "nonself". They protect against and target tumor cells and a wide variety of infectious microbes, particularly virally infected cells. NK cells kill by binding to their targets and delivering a lethal burst of chemicals that produce holes in the target cell's membrane. Fluids seep in and leak out and the cells burst and die.

Patient Selection:
Nine patients were enrolled in the study who had been diagnosed with Fibromyalgia and who weren't taking any known immune stimulants at the time of enrollment.


Nutritional Supplements Used in Study:*

Name:Dosage:
Transfer Factor Plus® One, twice daily, days 1-10
Two, twice daily, days 11-20
Fibro AMJ® Daytime Formula Two, three times daily
Fibro AMJ® Nighttime Formula One, nightly
Choice 50® Antioxidants One, twice daily

Length of Study:
Blood work was drawn on day 1 before the beginning of the use of the products and on day 21 after using the products for 20 consecutive days.

Methodology:
The patients' blood was drawn and peripheral blood mononuclear cells were isolated and NK cell activity was assessed by a variation of the 51Cr release assay. The target cells were live K562 erytholeukemic cells. NK cytolytic activity was calculated at the baseline of day 1 and on the 21st day.


Patient NK Results

 4/02/004/23/00
Name of PatientNK Assay Baseline %NK Assay Final %
JB 13 29
DS 13 19.5
CW 13 31.5
PM 6 25.5
LG 9 25.5
SR 10 25
BM 6.5 27
JK 8.5 23.5
MW 11 35.5
Mean of Results 10 26.9

Comment:
If a person has a Natural Killer cell activity below 20%, they are felt to be more susceptible to acute or chronic illnesses, or to have a compromised ability to recover from existing illnesses. All of the nine volunteers had NK cell function of less than 20% activity with a range of 6 to 13%, and an average of the group of 10% activity.

Summary:
All of the nine patients had significant increases in Natural Killer cell activity. The levels after 20 days on the products now ranged from 19.5% to 35.5% with an average of 26.9% or 269% of baseline. Prior in vitro testing of Transfer Factor Plus® revealed an increase in activity of 248%. Other products were used in addition to Transfer Factor Plus® to address other issues associated with Fibromyalgia (Fibro AMJ® Daytime and Nighttime Formulas and Choice 50® antioxidants). These products are not known to have an effect on natural killer cell activity. We believe the significant immunostimulatory effect was achieved through the use of Transfer Factor Plus®.

Rob Robertson, M.D

*Products provided by 4Life® Research 
2066 South 950 East, Provo, UT 84606

Retrospective pediatric study

As a means of introducing myself, let me share some of my background with you. I have been a practicing General Pediatrician for the past 18 years, the last ten of which I have been in Kennebunk Maine. I trained at the University of Connecticut for Medical School, Internship and Residency in Pediatrics, and a Fellowship in Pediatric Hematology/Oncology (childhood cancer). I have encouraged our patient population to use natural products to boost their inherent health and help prevent disease for the past ten years. Most of my knowledge about this natural approach is self-taught, because little if any nutrition or prevention is taught in traditional medical school. Thankfully, this is changing. You are forcing this change because you now demand of your practitioners to learn more as you ask detailed questions of them. (Good for you!)

I joined 4Life® Research in the summer of 1998 because of my commitment to a natural approach to Health and Wellness and because of my belief in Transfer Factor® and in the people who lead this Company. This decision has changed my life and the lives of many patients and patient families! OUR EARLY PRACTICE EXPERIENCE: We have introduced Transfer Factor® to over 150 families with now over 200 persons using Transfer Factor® on a daily basis. I now review the charts of these children on an every two month basis. The facts back up our general impression of greater health and less illness in these children. Effective 2/1/99, we have seen 80% less illness reported to us in these kids and 85% less use of antibiotics, when we compare their histories of last sick season to this year. We will soon match Transfer Factor® users to like-aged children not using Transfer Factor® and will report those findings when available. Most of our victories in Health have been "quiet", in that we seem to see these transfer factor kids so rarely. Some of our experience has been absolutely remarkable. To share just one with you, we have a 12 year old girl with Spinal Muscular Atrophy (one of the Jerry Lewis muscular dystrophies), who in previous years has had dozens of serious respiratory diseases requiring repeated use of antibiotics to just keep her alive. She this year has used Transfer Factor® daily for six months and has required antibiotics just once and has never had a serious chest or respiratory infection. Transfer Factor® has changed her life! I will share more with you over time.

Addendum 3/13/99: We now have over 210 patients using Transfer Factor® with continued success. One mother who has Hodgkin's Lymphoma now status post chemo and radiation therapy takes Transfer Factor® daily: in three months, she has been infection-free with "daily improvement in her health and feeling of well-being" (her words). Her prior history was one with constant respiratory infections due to her severely depressed immune system. Just another quiet victory for Transfer Factor® and 4Life® Research. Another interesting observation from our patients: if a child stops taking Transfer Factor®, we have noticed that within 3-6 weeks, this child is in our office with some infection or another. We know that Transfer Factor® has a half-life of about 3 weeks. This observation then fits what we know from the biologic studies. Parents then reorder the Transfer Factor® to "never run out". Transfer Factor® is indeed a science-based product, just as all the 4Life® Research products are.

Addendum 3/18/99: Another "little success story from Maine": We have a beautiful young boy who has suffered with a rare condition called cellular interstitual pneumonitis with multiple episodes of respiratory diseases over the years. After 4 months of Transfer Factor® on a daily basis, he has had but one mild upper respiratory infection and no use of antibiotics during one of the worst viral respiratory and flu seasons in southern Maine in a decade. Side effects of Transfer Factor®: NONE. Need I say more! We start our age-matched study of our Transfer Factor® kids in late April 1999. I will update as data is available.

I am delighted to share with you my appointment to 4Life® Research Medical Advisory Board. We hope to encourage the development of an entire line of children's Health and Wellness products.

Addendum 4/20/99: Just returned from a Wonderful First Leadership Conference. Thank all of you for your kind words and support of children. It is truly heartening to see and feel the commitment. An update as to our kids here locally: review of records show a 79% reduction in reported illness and an 82% reduction in the use of antibiotics. Still truly amazing results with thusfar no untoward side effects. One additional single victory: an 8 year old with Juvenile Rheumatoid Arthritis now on Transfer Factor® and FibroAMJ® and in FULL remission for 8 weeks and on no traditional allopathic meds. The quality of this child's life has dramatically improved.

Addendum 4/27/99: A hint of what is coming! During the Leadership Conference, Dr. William Hennen announced the introduction of a second generation Transfer Factor® product, called Transfer Factor Plus®. This will not replace Transfer Factor®, just augment it's usefulness, by boosting additional components of the immune system in different and possibly more effective ways, particularly in the body's constant battle against bacterial disease and malignancy. This product, just as all the 4LR products, will cure nothing: it rather boosts the body's ability to handle a multitude of health challenges, in this case, via the immune system. Dr. Hennen will share many more details about TF Plus® in the near future on our website. And 4LR has already starting working on the third and fourth generations of Transfer Factor®, each with a promise of greater Health and Wellness!

Addendum 5/5/99: Some wonderful news to share with you. We now have two brothers who carry the diagnosis of Autism, both on Transfer Factor® for 4 months. Mother reports a dramatic increase in communication skills and much improved interactions with people and decreased "flapping" behavior. She is quietly delighted (holding her breath!). Our age-matched review will start in late 5/99. Will add details as they become available.

Addendum 5/8/99: More great news, this time using Transfer Factor® in an 8 year old with recurrent leukemia on harsh chemotherapy. Since using Transfer Factor® the last three months, this young man has has NO untoward side-effects due to chemo and has had no fever episodes requiring admission to hospital and antibiotic use. And he is doing very well with his leukemia as well. Soon he will start on the new Transfer Factor Plus® product (June 1999). Will update as progress becomes available.

Addendum 5/15/99: First some quick news: I will be presenting our Transfer Factor® experience in Philadelphia this coming Saturday, 5/22/99. Hope to see you there. Additional practice news with some early experience with Transfer Factor Plus®: As a Medical Advisory Board member, I had three bottles of pre-release Transfer Factor Plus® available to me. We used it in a 6 year old with an antibiotic resistant sinusitis (28 day treatment). Within 36 hours of Transfer Factor Plus® use, he was TOTALLY CLEAR of congestion, fever, and the thick purulent green nasal discharge had cleared. A 49 year old father of a patient with an undiagnosed mass in his throat and neck: he refused to see his allopathic MD out of fear but wanted to try something "natural". I encouraged him to see his doctor and offered him some Transfer Factor Plus®. After three weeks of use, it has been reduced 80% in size. He is delighted and now has promised to see his doctor for a follow-up. We also have two adults with metastatic malignancy who have started on the product with thusfar no feedback. Will keep all informed of their progress. Total patient load now using Transfer Factor® is over 250. Have also started the tedious task of an age and sex-matched review of our Transfer Factor® experience this past sick season. Will have results within the next three months.

Addendum 5/23/99: Early results from the first of four months of study re: age-matching. We have now compared 25% of our 125 kids on Transfer Factor® to like aged and sexed children in the practice who has not use Transfer Factor®: Although preliminary in nature, we see a 62% reduction in reported illness and an 85% reduction in reported antibiotic use in those children who used Transfer Factor® daily. I remind all that this is but 25% of the data, so stay tuned for the remainder over the next 2-3 months. Our first two Transfer Factor Plus® reports: a 6 year old boy with a 28 day history of antibiotic-resistant sinusitis responded in less than 36 hours of immune boosting with Transfer Factor Plus® (one cap twice daily). He was symptom-free at 36 hours! Another experience for the books: a 49 year old with an undiagnosed mass (4-5 cm) in his neck and throat of 4 months duration and growth, who refused to see his allopathic MD out of fear. There is no demonstrable mass in this neck/throat after 23 days of immune-boosting with 2 caps of Transfer Factor Plus® three times daily. He was strongly encouraged to see his MD for diagnosis and follow-up. Thusfar he has refused to do so, but we are still working on him. He continues to promise that he will follow up with his physician. More experience with Transfer Factor Plus® to follow. 

Addendum 6/5/99: Our 49 year old father of one of our patients did see his MD and found to have normal exam. Chest X-ray was clear and now remains asymptomatic for 6 weeks on Transfer Factor Plus®. We have now compared 45% of our Transfer Factor® users to age- and sex-matched patients in the practice for the last 9 months. Still astouding results with 68% less reported illness and 84% less use of antibiotics. We now have used TF Plus® in 7 people, 5 with bacterial disease (4 sinusitis and 1 impetigo) and 2 with apparent malignant disease, thus far with all positive experiences. Total Transfer Factor® users in the practice number 250 children and many of their parents. We now encourage all of our Transfer Factor® families and new users to stay on Transfer Factor® as their immune boosting base and use TF Plus® as an additional supplement at times of "stress". Now Transfer Factor®, TF Plus®, and BioVits fill our patient families' "Health and Wellness" cabinet (notice, not a "medicine" cabinet). More later...

Addendum 7/2/99: And now on to our age/sex-matched study. . . I have now completed a retrospective study comparing kids in the Practice who have used Transfer Factor® consistently for six or more months to same sexed and aged children in the Practice who did not use Transfer Factor® during the same period. Our computers matched the ages and sexes of the children. All records were reviewed including those of our office, those of cross-covering MD's and the ER and data were compared. The results are indeed remarkable! We found 74% less reported illness and 84% less reported use of antibiotics in the consistent Transfer Factor® users when compared to non-Transfer Factor® users. 125 Transfer Factor® users were reviewed with 87 kids using Transfer Factor® consistently for six months or more, aged 8 months to 9 years. We are delighted with these results! We will be preparing manuscripts for submission to various medical journals and hopefully, allowing us to share our results with the more traditional allopathic medical world. A TF Plus® experience to report: a 37 year old father of 4 children, diagnosed with advanced Hepatitis C, complicated by gastro-esophageal reflux, chronic constipation, severe fatigue, and sleeplessness. After only 2-3 weeks of Transfer Factor Plus® at 2 caps three times daily, this man reports improved liver function testing (by documented lab testing), NO reflux, much improved bowel function (he has stopped all meds!), and now much improved energy and sleep (6-8 hours nightly). We know that Hep C is an "envelope virus" and with improved immune and complement function with Transfer Factor Plus® boosting, it would appear that he is now able to better handle this chronic viral infection NATURALLY! Will update you on his condition as time passes. Our 49 year old with the unidentified neck mass continues to be symptom-free and feeling well. More later...

Addendum 7/13/99: People say that Summer is "slow" for us. I remind all of you that every day of every month of every season is the right and only time to share these products. And if you think about it, those with Fibro or Chronic Fatigue need us now more than ever. They deserve to feel good during these warm summer months. How about 1-2 months of immune-boosting before the cold weather hits in the Fall. We would all be healthier this coming sick season with 2 months of Transfer Factor® or Transfer Factor Plus® on board. Traveling this Summer for vacation? What an extra-ordinary opportunity to share our Mission and Products with people in other areas. Our goal is to get the word out there that people can live Healthier lives. Summer is "slow" if only you choose it to be that way! Now GO FORTH and share our Vision for Health and Wellness. Now fill your Health and Wellness Cabinet with Transfer Factor®, Transfer Factor Plus®, and the rest of 4LR products and share them with the rest of the World! I bid you Peace.

Dr. David Markovitz

Transfer Factor Study with Autistic Children

9 children
ages: 2.9-9.9
average age: 5.07

These children were given three capsules of Transfer Factor, three times daily, for three months. Each patient was assessed prior to the treatment, six weeks into the study, and at the completion of the three-month study. Dr. Bock used the Gilliam Autism Rating Scale for evaluation purposes. This method applies different scores based on: stereotyped "autistic" behaviors, communication, social interaction and developmental markers. These scores are then added together to determine an autism quotient. The higher the autism quotient is, the higher the degree of autism in the patient.

At the end of the three-month study, seven out of the nine autistic children had at least some improvement. Specifically, these improvements included:

• More attentive
• Eye contact improved
• Eczema improved
• Decreased incidence of illness
• Improved language skills
• Resolution of diarrhea
• Improved toileting skills

Although this study was small, Dr. Bock believes its results are very promising. He has included Transfer Factor as part of his treatment protocol and is excited about its possibilities for boosting the immune system in patients with autism as well as many other conditions he encounters on a daily basis.

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